Extreme Programming (XP) is a fast method for making software that emphasises working together, being flexible, and always getting better. It was made by Kent Beck in the late 1990s. It is known for focusing on making high-quality software in short “iterations.” XP uses a set of practises that are meant to make the development process more productive and fast.
Extreme Programming is known for being flexible and easy to change, which lets teams act quickly to changing customer needs and requirements. By doing what XP says to do, teams can make high-quality software, work well together, and improve their development process over time.
Here are some of Extreme Programming’s most important parts and ways of doing things:
1. Ideals: XP is built on a set of core ideals that guide the development process. Communication, simplicity, feedback, courage, and respect are some of these ideals. They are what the XP practises and concepts are built on.
2. User Stories: XP uses user stories to record and rank the needs of the customer. User stories are short, easy-to-understand descriptions of a programme feature or function from the customer’s point of view.
3. Iterative and Incremental Development: XP encourages iterative and incremental development that is limited by time. It breaks the project into short chunks called “sprints” or “iterations,” during which the team works on producing a working, tested piece of software.
4. Continuous Planning: XP puts a lot of emphasis on continuous planning and putting user stories in order of importance. The development team and the customer work closely together to describe and refine the requirements, and the team figures out how much time each user story will take to finish. At the start of each version, plans are made to figure out which stories will be put into action.
5. Pair Programming: XP promotes pair programming, which is when two developers work at the same workstation at the same time. One person writes the code while the other looks it over and gives input right away. This helps people share their information, cuts down on mistakes, and improves the quality of the code.
6. Test-Driven Development (TDD): TDD is one of the most important parts of XP. Before writing the code, you have to write automatic tests. Developers keep running the tests to make sure the code does what they want it to do and is easy to update and add to.
7. Continuous Integration: XP encourages continuous integration, which is when workers add their code changes often to a shared code repository. This makes sure that all changes are regularly put together and tried to find and fix integration problems as soon as possible.
8. Collective Code Ownership: In XP, the script is owned by the whole development team. Any team member can work on any part of the code. This makes it easier to work together, share information, and get things done faster.
9. On-site Customer: XP puts a lot of emphasis on having a customer on-site or a person from the customer’s organisation who is involved in the development process. The customer on-site gives instant feedback, clarifies needs, and helps the team make smart choices.
10. Continuous Improvement: XP urges regular “retrospectives” to look back on the development process and find places where things could be better. The team talks about what went well and what could be changed, then makes changes in the next version.
